A Modified X-Torus Topology for Interconnection Network

The interconnection network is the key components for the communication. The X-Torus topology has been designed in the past. It has been found in the previous design, that the router is not being utilized to their maximum and still there is the scope for adding more links in the topology. In this paper, a new topology has been introduced, based on X-Torus topology by adding extra links with a limited degree of the 6. The performance of the topology has been analyzed using the five traffic patterns that are random, neighbor, bit complements, and hot spot traffic over the factors end to end delay, sink bandwidth and average hop count. An improvement of 62% in terms of latency and 15% in terms of throughput has been observed in the proposed topology. This modified X-Torus topology proves to be a better substitute for X-Torus topology

Anisotropic Isometric Fluctuation Relations in experiment and theory on a self-propelled rod

The Isometric Fluctuation Relation (IFR) [P.I. Hurtado et al., PNAS 108, 7704 (2011)] relates the relative probability of current fluctuations of fixed magnitude in different spatial directions. We test its validity in an experiment on a tapered rod, rendered motile by vertical vibration and immersed in a sea of spherical beads. We analyse the statistics of the velocity vector of the rod and show that they depart significantly from the IFR of Hurtado et al. Aided by a Langevin-equation model we show that our measurements are largely described by an anisotropic generalization of the IFR [R. Villavicencio et al., EPL 105, 30009 (2014)], with no fitting parameters, but with a discrepancy in the prefactor whose origin may lie in the detailed statistics of the microscopic noise. The experimentally determined Large-Deviation Function of the velocity vector has a kink on a curve in the plane.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

Performance analysis of FSO using relays and spatial diversity under log-normal fading channel

The performance analysis of free space optical communication (FSO) system using relays and spatial diversity at the source is studied in this paper. The effect of atmospheric turbulence and attenuation, caused by different weather conditions and geometric losses, has also been considered for analysis. The exact closed-form expressions are presented for bit error rate (BER) of M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) technique for multi-hop multiple-input single-output (MISO) FSO system under log-normal fading channel. Furthermore, the link performance of multi-hop MISO and multi-hop single-input and single-output (SISO) FSO systems are compared to the different systems using on-off keying (OOK), repetition codes (RCs) and M-ary pulse amplitude modulation (M-PAM) techniques. A significant performance enhancement in terms of BER analysis and SNR gains is shown for multi-hop MISO and multi-hop SISO FSO systems with M-QAM over other existing systems with different modulation schemes. Moreover, Monte-Carlo simulations are used to validate the accuracy and consistency of the derived analytical results. Numerical results show that M-QAM modulated multi-hop MISO and multi-hop SISO FSO system with relays and spatial diversity outperforms other systems while having the same spectral efficiency of each system.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, 4th International Conference on Electrical Energy Systems (ICEES), Feb. 7-9, 2018, SSNCE, Chennai, TN, INDI

Catalytic Process for the Conversion of Synthesis gas to Ethanol for Use as an Alternative Fuel

Higher alcohols are increasing as a proportion of the transportation fuel market, and can be used as neat fuels, or as blends with conventional fuels. For a number of reasons, these C2+-alcohols will be of interest in the foreseeable future. Large-scale production of higher alcohols will likely be carried out via syngas, which can be produced from a number of feedstocks, including coal, natural gas and biomass. Rhodium-based catalysts have been found to be the most active/selective for higher alcohols. However, the literature shows that the yields of C2+-alcohols that can be achieved with current catalysts, even the most active/selective, are not practical, typically less than 10%. Also, due to the high cost of rhodium, the production of ethanol from Rh-based catalysts is not economically feasible at industrial scale. This research is based on development of non-rhodium based catalysts for conversion of synthesis gas to C2+-alcohols, with focus on ethanol. The work reported here aims to identify active catalysts, synthesize them using advanced methods that allow atomic-level control of the surface, and characterize them using state-of-the-art facilities, such as LSU’s synchrotron beam line and in-situ FTIR. Studies on cobalt-rhenium catalysts showed that precursors have a significant effect on the catalyst characteristics. Cobalt acetate precursor catalyst was found to be highly dispersed compared to the nitrate precursor catalyst. The nitrate precursor catalyst was found to be more active for CO hydrogenation compared to the acetate precursor catalyst, but selectivity towards oxygenates was lower. In-situ FTIR results showed that CO adsorption takes place relatively weakly on the acetate precursor catalyst, owing to its high dispersion, as compared to the nitrate precursor catalyst. The weakly adsorbed CO on the acetate precursor catalyst is believed to be responsible for higher oxygenates selectivity. Studies on cobalt-palladium catalysts showed that they are active for CO hydrogenation. A 2 wt% cobalt catalyst was found to be more selective towards oxygenates formation as compared to 10 wt% cobalt catalyst, both having same loading of 2 wt% palladium. In-situ DRIFTS results showed that the active sites for CO hydrogenation were terminal (for 10%Co) and bridge-type (for 2%Co)

Stress‐induced increase in blood pressure in young adult African Americans: Management by angiotensin‐II receptor blocker therapy?

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151271/1/jch13630.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151271/2/jch13630_am.pd